BTCE undertook this study to identify and analyse the factors which have influenced the supply and demand for air services on the Australia-Japan route and to examine the future prospects for the route. The study examined the factors which influence the Japanese overseas travel market, such as government policies, the supply of aviation infrastructure, the structure of the Japanese tour consolidation industry and the conduct of the airlines operating on the route. It also examined how the prices of holiday packages to Australia compared with similar packages to competing destinations.

• The Japan–Australia Air Route
  
  wp_005.pdf
  (6.72 MB)

This Report discusses the objectives of the Australian national highway system, presents statistical information and describes the application of the life cycle costing technique to the pavement evaluation.

• The Cost of Maintaining the Australian National Highway System
  
  report_077.pdf
  (2.56 MB)

This Paper briefly describes the LAND computer package and outlines studies to verify and apply it. The LAND computer package is an educational tool. It aims to replicate the land use/transport/environment interaction so as to allow the investigation of the long-term impacts of transport and land use policy on the environment. The model is based on a series of discrete steps. These steps relate to natural changes in population, migration of people within the city, movement of employment, creation of transport demand and assignment of this demand to the transport system. The environmental outputs are based on the traffic flows. Exogenous inputs into the model are the supply of urban infrastructure (housing and transport), increase in employment and in- or outmigration.

• Modelling the Land Use–Transport–Environment Interaction
  
  op_107.pdf
  (5.8 MB)

Concerns have been expressed that the introduction of a national system of road user charging for heavy vehicles could adversely affect transport operators, consumers and producers in rural and remote areas of Australia.

• Road Transport Reforms–Implications for Rural and Remote Areas
  
  report_078.pdf
  (4.58 MB)

This study has refined the methodology and expanded the scope of a previous Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics study on the cost of road accidents in Australia. The human capital approach has been used in this study to estimate the social cost of road, rail, aviation and maritime accidents in Australia in 1988.

• Social Cost of Transport Accidents in Australia
  
  report_079.pdf
  (5.87 MB)

Several important aviation reform initiatives have been taken in the past five years. These include the economic deregulation of interstate services, the establishment of the Federal Airports Corporation and the Civil Aviation Authority as statutory authorities, multiple designation of Australia's international air services, the start of negotiations with New Zealand on a single trans-Tasman aviation market, and the merger and privatisation of Qantas and Australian Airlines.

• Quality of Service in Australian Passenger Aviation
  
  report_080.pdf
  (4.15 MB)

This Working Paper examines past trends in the fuel efficiency of ships and aircraft, and looks at technical developments and economic factors which could yield further improvements. The period to 2005 has received attention because of the Australian Government's 1990 decision to adopt the Toronto target, as an interim planning measure. This target involved a reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases not controlled by the Montreal Protocol to 20 per cent below 1988 levels, by 2005.

• Fuel Efficiency of Ships and Aircraft
  
  wp_004.pdf
  (9.93 MB)

Data and information on the road freight transport industry is in limited supply. In order to reduce this problem, the Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics undertook this overview of the road freight transport industry. The industry is shown to be carrying an increasing proportion of total freight movements in Australia, with strong competition evident throughout all sectors of the industry.

• The Road Freight Transport Industry
  
  ip_038.pdf
  (4.2 MB)

This report is the fifth of a series of publications monitoring the progress of aviation reforms which the Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics produced from 1989. Earlier reports concentrated on domestic airline deregulation, but clearly the distinction between domestic and international has now blurred.

• The Progress of Aviation Reform
  
  report_081.pdf
  (17.57 MB)

Ports have been a major focus of the Australian Government's reform program. The Waterfront Industry Reform Authority was responsible for reform of the stevedoring industry, completing its work in October 1992.

• Port Interface Cost Index
  
  report_084.pdf
  (2.91 MB)