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| Freight rates in Australia 1964-65 to 2007-08 - Information sheet 28 | November 2008 |
| This Information Sheet provides indexed trends in average interstate non-bulk freight rates, from 1964-65 to 2007-08, updating the freight rate indexes previously published in Freight Rates in Australia, Information Sheet 19 (BTRE 2002). The estimates show that, following generally declining real freight rates over the previous two decades, real freight rates for road, rail and long-distance coastal shipping have risen since 2000-01 (Table 1 provides nominal and real indexed freight rate series and Figures 1 to 4 illustrate indexed trends in real freight rates). Recent increases in crude oil prices, and flow through to diesel fuel prices, have been an important contributing factor in recent freight rate increases for road, rail and coastal shipping. |
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| Working Paper 69 - Australian maritime trade 2000-01 to 2004-05 | March 2007 |
| Australian maritime trade: 2000-01 to 2004-05 extends data available through the BTRE's Australian Sea Freight publications by including information on markets, shipping lanes, key trade routes, traded commodities and passenger services associated with Australia's maritime trade. |
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| Report 114: Optimising Harmonisation in the Australian Railway Industry | September 2006 |
| The past decade has seen Australian rail transformed in terms of ownership, operational and technical advances. This report reviews the theory and the practice of physical and regulatory harmonisation in Australia and overseas. It also explores the benefits and costs of harmonisation and the concept of optimal harmonisation. |
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| Report 112: Freight Measurement and Modelling in Australia | March 2006 |
| Consistent time series estimates of freight carriage in Australia must be constructed from disparate data sources. This report aims to construct consistent time series datasets on as many Australian freight sectors as possible. |
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| Working Paper 57 - Land Transport Infrastructure Pricing: An Introduction | June 2003 |
| At the Australian Logistics Council (ALC) meeting on 7 November 2002, the Council asked BTRE to provide a comparative analysis of current land transport pricing regimes and their objectives and to present the findings at the next Council meeting, held on 27 February 2003. This working paper comprises the paper prepared for the ALC and already released by the ALC as a discussion paper. |
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| Working Paper 50 - Australia's Seaborne Containerised Freight: Forecasts to 2010-11 | August 2002 |
| This study analyses and forecasts trends in the usage of containers for the carriage of Australia's seaborne freight over the period 2001-02 to 2010-11. The study also estimates the proportion of 40-foot containers used in Australia's inbound and outbound seaborne trade and assesses the implications of their increasing use over time. |
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| Working Paper 49 - Logistics in Australia: A Preliminary Analysis | October 2001 |
| This Working Paper presents the results of preliminary BTE work on logistics in Australia. It is the first part of a longer-term project on logistics. The Working Paper develops a framework for analysing logistics in Australia, and examines several issues raised by the Secretariat for the Freight Transport Logistics Industry Action Agenda. |
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| Working Paper 47 - Regional Impact of the Port of Gladstone | February 2001 |
| This report presents the economic impact of the Port of Gladstone on the Fitzroy region in Queensland. At the time of writing, Gladstone Port was the fourth largest in Australia. By measuring both direct and flow-on effects, the study estimated that the port was responsible for 2.3% of all employment in the region, with a value added contribution of 3.0%. |
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| Working Paper 46 - Regional Impact of the Port of Mackay | February 2001 |
| This paper presents the results of a Bureau of Transport Economics study of the regional impact of the Port of Mackay located on the central coast of Queensland. The port is an important component of the transport chain for sugar and agriculture. By measuring both direct and flow-on effects, the study estimated that the port was responsible for 1.0% of all employment in the region, with a value added contribution of 0.9%. |
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| Working Paper 45 - Brisbane to Melbourne Rail Link: Economic Analysis | October 2000 |
| The Minister for Transport and Regional Services asked the Bureau of Transport Economics to undertake a benefit-cost analysis of the inland rail link between Melbourne and Brisbane being proposed by Australian Transport & Energy Corridor Ltd (ATEC). The analysis relies significantly on information gathered recently for a pre-feasibility study carried out for ATEC. |
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| Working Paper 42 - The Supply of Air Freight Capacity to Asian Markets | March 2000 |
| The financial crisis, which struck the Asian region in 1997, had many profound and far-reaching consequences for both the countries involved and the world as a whole. This study examines one aspect of the impact of the crisis on Australia the adequacy of the air freight network to carry Australian exports to Asian markets. |
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| Information Sheet 15 - Trends in Trucks and Traffic | October 1999 |
| Increasingly in Australia, trucking is an essential feature of economic activity, with road being the only mode possible for much freight traffic (eg in cities), and with rail tending to be less competitive than road on many intercity links. |
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| Report 99: Adequacy of Tourism Transport Infrastructure in Eastern Indonesia | January 1999 |
| This Report develops further the findings of earlier work by the Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics and the Research and Development Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Communications on transport in northern Australia and eastern Indonesia. It explores the adequacy of tourism and transport infrastructure in eastern Indonesia to a greater depth of detail than was possible in the earlier work. The focus of the report is on international tourism, because of its importance to eastern Indonesia following the onset of the financial crisis. |
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| Report 97: Transport Synergies Between Eastern Indonesia and Northern Australia | January 1998 |
| This research project was designed to explore the potential for economic synergies between the two regions and the role that transport might play in their development. The project was undertaken in conjunction with the Research and Development Agency of the Indonesian Ministry of Communications. This Report presents the results of the work of the Australian project team, focusing on northern Australian aspects. |
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| Working Paper 28 - Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme: Discussion Paper September 1996 | September 1996 |
| This report examines the appropriateness of established rates of assistance for the shipping of cargo to and from Tasmania and proposes rate amendments for different commodities and different units for the shipment of those commodities. It was undertaken by BTCE as a preliminary analysis to assist the Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme Review Authority to undertake a more thorough examination of these issues at the request of the Minister for Transport and Regional Development. |
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| Information Paper 40 - Analysis of the Rail Deficit | October 1995 |
| The aim of this study is to find out if railways are improving their financial performance following the industry reform programs initiated by the State and Commonwealth Governments in the 1980s. |
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| Report 91: Review of the Waterfront Industry Reform Program | May 1995 |
| The Bureau study examines the great changes which have been implemented in the stevedoring workforce and in its employment arrangements, the improvements which have occurred in the productivity and reliability of stevedoring services, and estimates the dollar value of the benefits which have been passed to the various categories of users of waterfront services. |
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| Report 88: Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Australian Transport: Long Term Projections | March 1995 |
| This Report provides a 'business as usual' scenario for the emission of greenhouse gases from the Australian transport sector for the period 1993-94 to 2014-15. Models for emissions from cars, trucks, rail, sea and air transport reflect sectoral activity, fuel intensity and emission intensity factors. The models indicate that emissions from the Australian car fleet over the next two decades will decline while emissions from trucks and aircraft are likely to grow quite strongly. Background information and historical data series are also provided. |
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| Report 84: Port Interface Cost Index | September 1993 |
Ports have been a major focus of the Australian Government's reform program. The Waterfront Industry Reform Authority was responsible for reform of the stevedoring industry, completing its work in October 1992. The BTCE has developed a new port interface cost index in response to the 'Warehouse to Wharf' report of the House of Representatives Standing Committee on Transport, Communications and Infrastructure. It includes port and related charges (port authority, towage and pilotage charges), stevedoring charges, customs brokers' fees and land transport charges. This Paper describes the development of the index and presents initial estimates of costs. Future values
will be published at intervals of six months. |
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| Information Paper 38 - The Road Freight Transport Industry | March 1993 |
| Data and information on the road freight transport industry is in limited supply. In order to reduce this problem, the Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics undertook this overview of the road freight transport industry. The industry is shown to be carrying an increasing proportion of total freight movements in Australia, with strong competition evident throughout all sectors of the industry. |
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| Report 78: Road Transport Reforms - Implications for Rural and Remote Areas | July 1992 |
Concerns have been expressed that the introduction of a national system of road user charging for heavy vehicles could adversely affect transport operators, consumers and producers in rural and remote areas of Australia. This joint Bureau of Transport and Communications Economics/Australian
Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics project estimates the impacts of changes to road user charges on vehicle operating costs and on selected industries in rural and remote Australia. The analysis indicates a diversity of impacts to be expected from any given change to current road user charges. |
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| Information Paper 36 - Shore-Based Shipping Costs of Containerised Cargo: A 1991 Update | April 1992 |
| This study updates to 1991, the components of shore based shipping costs included in the Industry Task Force 1986 Shore-Based Shipping Final Report, and BTE Occasional Paper 80, Shore-based Shipping Costs, Non-bulk Cargo. Estimates are presented for the total costs of moving containerised cargo between ships and warehouse.The potential impact on costs of more even cargo flows is examined. |
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| Report 76: Relative Efficiencies in the Transportation of Commodities | January 1992 |
| This Report assesses the relative efficiencies of road and rail in the transportation of several bulk commodities. The work explores potential constraints to the efficient transportation of bulk commodities, including the pricing systems applied by road and rail operators. |
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| Report 74: Transport and Regional Economic Development | January 1992 |
This Report describes a case study of capacity of regional transport infrastructure to meet current and future demands of industry. The selected region is comprised largely of the Australian Bureau of Statistics statistical divisions of the South East division of South Australia and the South Western
division of Victoria. The region is an important corridor for the transport needs of other regions. The region's transport infrastructure inlcudes a port, road and rail networks, and airports. |
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| Working Paper 1 - Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Australian Transport | May 1991 |
| The Paper details emissions from various segments of the transport sector, discusses the magnitude of the task involved in reducing transport emissions, and examines the potential for reducing them by alternative means. These include fuel economy improvements, use of alternative fuels, transport system improvements including modal shift, and reductions in discretionary travel. |
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| Occasional Paper 98 - Freight Flows in Australian Transport Corridors | February 1990 |
| In the past, there have been many occasions when decision makers have wanted to know the likely effects of proposed policies on the different transport industries involved in moving non-bulk freight around Australia. Their decisions have been hampered by a lack of data on the magnitude of, and trends in, nonbulk freight flows between capital cities and almost no usable estimates of the determinants of intercapital freight flows on all modes. |
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| Information Paper 31 - Transport of Hydrocarbons in the Oil and Gas Industries | March 1989 |
| This Paper is an exploratory attempt to examine the distribution of raw and refined petroleum products by all transport modes over the period 1971-72 to 1986-87. The modal shares of the hydrocarbon movements task have been estimated together with the average growth rate of movements by each mode for that same period. Some origin-destination analysis has been undertaken with analyses of coastal shipping and pipeline movements being the most recent. Annually aggregated tonnages moved by the separate transport modes are the primary focus of this study. This study examines petroleum product movements up to 1986-87 and growth rates have been derived for each of the modal tasks up to this date. No forecasting of future movements shares, which would use these growth rates, is attempted. |
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| Occasional Paper 83 - A Model for Estimating Cargo Ship Costs; BTCESHIP | August 1987 |
| In many of its analyses involving shipping, the Bureau of Transport Economics has been required to estimate costs associated with owning and operating vessels of various types. This Paper presents a model for estimating long-run average ship costs that was developed by the Bureau for this purpose. The model has been developed as a computer program (BTESHIP) to enable ship costs to be evaluated quickly and conveniently. However, to use the model effectively it is necessary to have an understanding of the principles involved in estimating ship costs. This Paper contains a discussion of the nature of ship costs and their estimation, as well as a user's manual which documents the structure and operation of the program. |
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| Information Paper 20 - Transport of Australia's Minerals | March 1987 |
| In mid-l986 the Federal Bureau of Transport Economics engaged consultant Travers Morgan Pty Ltd to undertake a review of minerals transport in Australia. The objectives of the review were to describe the nature of mineral freight movements in Australia; to identify and assess relevant sources of data; to provide data on mineral movements by mode, origin and destination for the years1980-81 to 1984-85; and to identify and critically assess possible methodologies for updating mineral freight movements at a later date. |
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| Occasional Paper 80 - Shore-Based Shipping Costs, Non-Bulk Cargo | September 1986 |
| In July 1984, the Federal Bureau of Transport Economics organised a seminar to enable the problems of the shore-based shipping industry to be discussed by its senior representatives. The seminar delegates agreed that there was a need for a review of shore-based shipping operations and subsequently the Federal Minister for Transport, the Hon. Peter Morris MHR, established an Industry Task Force on Shore- based Shipping Costs which reported in June 1986. The Bureau provided research support to the Task Force, and this Paper is based on the results of that research and some further analysis. |
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| Occasional Paper 75 - Survey of Trucking Operations 1982/83: Methodology and Results | January 1986 |
| Early in 1984 the Bureau of Transport Economics carried out a survey of trucking operations, primarily to assist the National Road Freight Industry Inquiry in its data collection activity. This Paper describes the survey and sets out its major findings. Both road transport (for hire and reward) and ancillary operators were covered, with particular attention being given to the ownerdrivers. The main aim of the survey was to collect information on the structure of commercial truck activity in Australia including administrative, operational and equipment details. Certain limited road freight task related information and income data were also collected. In terms of business activity, the survey covered the 1982-83 financial year. |
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| Occasional Paper 70 - Container Terminal Productivity in Port Botany: CTAL Terminal | May 1985 |
| The first-generation container terminals in Port Jackson were built as a rapid response to changes in shipping and cargo handling technology in the 1960s. Many of the lessons learned from these and other first- generation terminals were incorporated into the designs of the new container terminals built in Botany Bay in the late 1970s. This Paper contains an analysis of the productivity of the Container Terminals Australia Limited (CTAL) operations in Port Botany in 1983 and includes comparisons with the operations of the older Seatainer and Glebe Island terminals in Port Jackson. The results of the work give valuable insight into the changes that have occurred in container terminal operations and productivity. |
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| Occasional Paper 65 - Container Terminal Productivity in Port Jackson from 1977 to 1981 | December 1984 |
| This Paper contains an analysis of the productivity of the Glebe Island and Seatainer terminals in Port Jackson over the period 1977 to 1981. The results of this work should not only enhance public understanding of the factors which affect container berth productivity but should also be valuable for future comparison with the productivity of other terminals. |
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| Information Paper 08 - Australian Rail Freight Movements 1979/80 | December 1982 |
| This Information Paper identifies for 1979-80 the freight movements which occurred on Australian railways and the sizes of particular flows. To a large extent this Information Paper represents an update of an earlier Bureau of Transport Economics (BTE) publication entitled Australian Rail Freight Movements, 1975-76. |
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| Information Paper 04 - An Estimate of Operating Costs for Bulk, Ro-ro and Container Ships | March 1982 |
| Estimates of the operating costs of ships are central to the analysis of a range of issues in shipping and ports investment and operations. As part of BTE studies a substantial body of information on ships operations had been assembled. This paper has generalised that information into statistical relationships for three ship types serving Australia - Bulk, Roll on/Roll off and Container Vessels. The scheme for the analysis follows that of Goss (1974). |
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| Report 52: Cargo Centralisation in the Overseas Liner Trade | January 1982 |
| With the introduction of cellular container ships in the overseas liner trades, cargo which had traditionally been handled at many ports around Australia was centralised on a few major ports. This change had had a substantial impact on port activity, utilisation of existing facilities, waterside employment and land transport activity. This report presents the results of a study to determine whether existing cargo centralisation arrangements minimise total transport resource costs and to explore the potential for change. |
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| Report 50: Transport of Slaughter Cattle in Australia | December 1981 |
| This Report presents the results of an investigation of the market conduct and performance of that part of the road haulage industry which undertakes the transportation of cattle intended for slaughter at abattoirs for human consumption. In addition, an assessment of the costs of transhipping beef from processing points to retail outlets is made. The Ministerial terms of reference for the study are contained in Appendix I. |
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| Occasional Paper 43 - Review of Road Freight Regulation in Britain | February 1981 |
| The desirability of de-regulating road freight has long been a subject of discussion and action by governments in Australia. A recent visit to the United Kingdom by Dr K.W. Ogden provided an opportunity for a brief study of the impact of de-regulation of road freight in Britain. The paper examines the effect of the regulations currently in force in Britain and also examines several aspects of road freight regulation in Britain which may be relevant to freight policy in Australia. |
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| Report 47: Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme: A 'Landbridge' Approach to the Estimation of Subsidy Rates | January 1981 |
| In order to provide information to assist with the continuing administration of the Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme TFES, the Minister for Transport directed the BTE to undertake studies of the costs incurred by Australian industries on Mainland interstate long distance freight transport, and the factors determining the freight rates charged between Tasmania and the Mainland and the potential for cost reductions. |
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| Occasional Paper 39 - Utilisation of Urban Road Freight Vehicles | December 1980 |
| An examination of commodities carried and industries served by urban freight transport revealed that nearly half the tonnage moved is in the form of bulk products (sand and gravel, petroleum, cement, etc), though, in past studies, attention has been focused on the problems of general freight carriers to the exclusion of the others. The current review revealed that problems faced by carriers of bulk materials tend to be different from those faced by carriers of general goods. |
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| Report 44: Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme: Recommended Rates of Assistance for Southbound Cargoes, Livestock and Timber at 31 January 1979 | October 1979 |
| This Report sets out recommended new rates of assistance to be paid under the Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme TFES on eligible southbound cargoes and on northbound shipments of livestock and timber. The southbound rates were recalculated to meet a direction issued by the Commonwealth Government when the Freight Equalisation Scheme was first introduced, while the direction to recalculate timber rates arose from recommendations made in the 1978 BTE report giving new northbound TFES rates. The investigation of northbound livestock rates was initially directed towards determining whether higher rates of assistance should be paid on consignments of stud animals, but during the course of the study the terms of reference were widened to cover all livestock shipments. |
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| Report 43: Sandy Hollow - Maryvale Railway: Economic Evaluation of Proposed Completion | July 1979 |
| The uncompleted Sandy Hollow-Maryvale railway in New South Wales has a somewhat chequered history. It was finally begun in 1936 after inquiries stretching back to 1911. Construction was slowed to almost a standstill by World War 11, accelerated in the early post war years and then abandoned in 1951 due to a shortage of capital. Subsequent moves to complete the railway foundered in the face of unfavourable economic assessment. This report presents the results of an economic benefit-cost analysis of a recent proposal for the completion of the railway against the background of the discovery of massive proven coal reserves along the line. |
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| Report 41: The Long Distance Road Haulage Industry | July 1979 |
| This Report investigates the structure, market conduct and performance of the domestic long distance freight industry with particular emphasis on the long distance road transport sector and the intermodal competition it faces. All sectors of the industry appear to be highly competitive. Not only is there competition within the industry, but rail has the potential to capture a significant amount of the long distance freight market from road. The terms of reference as given by the Minister are contained in Appendix 1 of this Report. |
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| Report 40: National Highways Linking Sydney, Melbourne and Canberra Third Report: Canberra Connections, 1979 | March 1979 |
| In this Report, four parallel investigations were undertaken: road user effects; construction costs and engineering considerations; environmental impact; and social impact. In examining possible route locations in each corridor the four investigations were progressively carried out in more detail as alternatives were eliminated, until the best alternative became apparent. At this stage road user effects were quantified and a benefit-cost ratio was used to assess the economic warrant for construction of the preferred alternative. The investigations identified various aspects requiring further and more detailed study during selection of the precise location and the design and the construction stages. |
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| Report 39: Mainline Upgrading - Evaluation of a Range of Options for the Kalgoorlie - Perth Rail Link | October 1978 |
| This Report is the last of a series on railway mainline upgrading options and covers the evaluation of options for upgrading the standard gauge link between Kalgoorlie and Perth. The evaluation of upgrading options differs in this case from those previously reported, in that no capacity constraints are envisaged, but severe and continuing track deterioration has occurred between Koolyanobbing and Kwinana as a result of heavy axle loads in the iron ore and wheat trades. Thus the upgrading requirements in this case are concerned with the use of heavy rail and high standard track rather than the capacity to run more trains. |
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| Report 38: Transportation of the Australian Wheat Harvest | June 1978 |
| The production and export of wheat is important for Australia and its storage and transport represents a significant load on domestic resources. This report presents the results of a study of the costs of transporting the wheat harvest from the production areas to the ports in order to meet both domestic and international demand. |
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| Report 36: Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme: Recommended Northbound Assistance Rates at 1 January 1978 | April 1978 |
| When the Commonwealth Government introduced the Tasmanian Freight Equalisation Scheme TFES on 1 July 1976 it directed the Bureau of Transport Economics to recalculate the rates of assistance by December 1977. This report presents the recommended new rates of assistance calculated on the basis of the freight rates prevailing at the end of December 1977. The method of recalculation was based on that used by the Nimmo Commission although with some modifications. The new assistance rates were calculated as the difference between the costs of moving a consignment from Tasmania to mainland destinations and the costs of moving a similar consignment on comparable mainland routes. |
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| Report 35: Mainline Upgrading - Evaluation of a Range of Options for the Trans Australia Link | March 1978 |
| For the purposes of this study the east-west rail link across Australia was considered in sections: Sydney to Broken Hill, Broken Hill to Port Pirie (including Adelaide to Peterborough and Adelaide to Port Pirie), The Port Pirie Bogie Exchange and Port Pirie to Kalgoorlie. For each section the study procedure adopted was similar to that used in previous BTE studies with possible upgrading options evaluated in light of the forecast growth in traffic. Upgradings were evaluated from both a commercial and a resource cost point of view. |
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| Occasional Paper 17 - Urban Goods Movement in Sydney | February 1978 |
| Transport planning and research has placed considerable emphasis on the movement of people but comparatively little on the movement of goods. Such neglect prompted the Commonwealth Bureau of Roads to sponsor a Workshop on Urban Goods Movement in January 1975 as a means of gaining an insight into the topic. |
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| Report 33: Cost Recovery in Australian Transport 1974-75 | August 1977 |
| In recent years, increasing attention has been focussed on the question of charges for services provided by governments. In particular, the Commonwealth Government's 'cost recovery' policies have been the subject of wide debate, especially in their application to air transport. This Report contains results of a study of cost recovery in Australian transport generally in the year 1974-75. Each major mode of transport is included, and the analysis is comprehensive in the sense that different areas and classes of transport operations within each mode are analysed wherever applicable or practicable. |
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| Report 32: Darwin and Northern Territory Freight Transport Study | August 1977 |
| The difficulties associated with defining and funding an acceptable transport system to serve the needs of Australians living in the Centre and North of the continent have proved a continuing area of concern to successive Commonwealth and State Governments. In this study an attempt has been made to define a broad network of supply links to the major population centres of the Northern Territory and identify priorities for investment which would provide a satisfactory level of service at minimum total cost. The basic criterion of acceptability was taken as the provision of all weather links between the Northern Territory centres and their major sources of supply. |
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| Report 30: Mainline Upgrading - Evaluation of a Range of Options for the Adelaide to Serviceton Rail Link | July 1977 |
| In this Report a number of options for the railway line between Adelaide and Serviceton have been evaluated. This work complements that previously undertaken on the Melbourne to Serviceton link. There appears to be little likelihood of congestion on this link sufficient to justify major upgrading within the next twenty years although some minor loop extensions and the introduction of Centralised Traffic Control are justified now. There is no economic justification for any of the Project Peregrine schemes considered for the Adelaide Hills sections. |
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| Report 29: Mainline Upgrading - Evaluation of a Range of Options for the Sydney - Brisbane Rail Link | July 1977 |
| This study is one of a series concerned with the evaluation of upgrading options for inter-capital rail links in Australia. Analysis indicated that the Sydney to Brisbane line is already exhibiting signs of congestion and, given the expected traffic growth, will become seriously congested in the mid-1980s unless upgrading action is taken. The range of upgrading options considered include grade easement, centralised traffic control and crossing loop extensions. |
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| Report 26: Study of Port Pirie Bogie Exchange | February 1977 |
| Because of separate development by the individual States, the Australian railway network contains links of a number of different gauges. For this reason bogie exchange facilities have been established at several locations including two in South Australia, at Port Pirie and Peterborough, where the State broad gauge system meets the interstate standard gauge system. The intention of these exchanges is to allow ready transfer of loaded and unloaded freight wagons from one system to the other. Traffic through the exchange at Port Pirie has increased to the extent that difficulties are being experienced in handling it. |
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| Report 25: Study of Intersystem Railway Freight Rating Practices | February 1976 |
| Government railways in Australia operate in all mainland States and Territories. Interstate movement of freight over the rail network is a potentially important method of transportation within the nation. However, intersystem railway arrangements operate against a background of State railways providing predominantly intrastate freight services. This report presents the results of a study of intersystem railway freight rating practices as they apply to a particular area of New South Wales. |
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| Report 23: The 2CM Freight Wagon Bogie - an Appraisal | January 1976 |
| The operations of a railway system can often be enhanced by the introduction of improved technology. Clearly the benefits of the new technology should more than compensate for its costs. The introduction of the 2CM freight bogie would enhance the operations of the Australian railways, however the question of the value of the benefits in relation to the additional costs has been a vexed one. This report has been prepared with the object of clarifying the economic merits of the 2CM bogie. |
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| Report 15: The Economics of an Australian Landbridge | January 1975 |
| The study examines the economics of a landbridge based on Fremantle, and also considers Adelaide and Melbourne as terminal ports for the European trades. In addition, the benefits and costs implied by a strategy of alternate calls at Sydney and Melbourne are considered. |
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| Report 12: Development of a Rail Freight Terminal at Acacia Ridge | February 1974 |
| This is a Report on the proposed terminal facility at Acacia Ridge. It is becoming increasingly apparent that terminal facilities are a key to the efficient operation of the Australian railway system. In many cases, however, the layout and structures do not permit modern. Methods to be employed effectively, so that serious delays occur. As the problems are so serious at Acacia Ridge, this report was compiled in 3 months. |
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| Occasional Paper 01 - An Automated Semi - Random Storage/Retrieval System | March 1973 |
| This Paper describes the design and operation of a fully-automated materials handling system which differs in many respects from conventional systems. The system is intended to fulfil requirements for automated semi-random storage and retrieval of non-fragile uniform containers, and has several major advantages over other systems. Although it is well suited to a particular class of handling problem, the proposed system could also be used in other applications. |
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| Report 7: Freight Transport to North West Australia, 1975 -1990 | January 1973 |
| The rapid development of mining in the Pilbara region of north west Australia has already increased the transport task in the region and is expected to increase it much more. In the past, there has been little land transport to the north west, and the major service has been by sea. In the fluid situation generated by rapid development, it is important to ask how the freight task should be performed in future, whether the shares carried by the various transport modes should be changed and whether there should be radical changes in the whole transport system to the region. These are the questions that this report sets out to answer. |
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| Report 6: An Assessment of Tasmania's Interstate Transport Problems | November 1972 |
| This study attempts a quantitative assessment of Tasmania's transport disabilities relative to the other States and covers interstate shipping to Tasmania, together with closely related topics such as Tasmanian port operations and freight forwarding. Particular note has been taken of the Senate Standing Committee on Primary and Secondary Industry and Trade Committee's views that Tasmania has a 'transport disability' and that any comparisons should take into account its position as a sovereign state. |
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| Report 5: Perth Fremantle Corridor Study | October 1972 |
| This Report presents the evaluations of alternative public transport improvements in the urban corridor between Perth and Fremantle. The alternatives considered are a continuation of existing services, electrification of the existing rail service, and replacement of the railway with a busway. |
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